How do i do this:
But I want to separate the fields with a comma.
Does not work :(
Daniel Vandersluis70.8k15 gold badges148 silver badges145 bronze badges
pietpiet
5 Answers
I don't really understand what is the question? Can you explain what you want ?
If your wish is to add delimiter to your output, you have to use CONCAT_WS :
DoomsdayDoomsday
Haim EvgiHaim Evgi95.4k35 gold badges192 silver badges210 bronze badges
requires ** FILE ** permissions for mysql user https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/privileges-provided.html (permission to write on mysql host filesystem). It's vulnerability issue and therefore database's ** ALL PRIVILEGES ** not includes FILE permissions.
In most cases better use pipeline replacement from tabulation symbols
t
to any character you want ,
:Konstantin YanivKonstantin Yaniv
eumiroeumiro137k22 gold badges243 silver badges236 bronze badges
You might also try the SELECT INTO OUTFILE command to produce your CSV file. Info here: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/select.html
Jim PJim P
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I often see people are using Delimiters. I tried myself to find out what are delimiters and what is their purpose. After 20 minutes of googling, I was not able to find an answer which satisfies me. So, my question is now: What are delimiters and when should I use them?
System.DataSystem.Data1,5846 gold badges23 silver badges38 bronze badges
5 Answers
Delimiters other than the default
;
are typically used when defining functions, stored procedures, and triggers wherein you must define multiple statements. You define a different delimiter like $$
which is used to define the end of the entire procedure, but inside it, individual statements are each terminated by ;
. That way, when the code is run in the mysql
client, the client can tell where the entire procedure ends and execute it as a unit rather than executing the individual statements inside.Note that the
DELIMITER
keyword is a function of the command line mysql
client (and some other clients) only and not a regular MySQL language feature. It won't work if you tried to pass it through a programming language API to MySQL. Some other clients like PHPMyAdmin have other methods to specify a non-default delimiter.Example:
Attempting to use
DELIMITER
with a client that doesn't support it will cause it to be sent to the server, which will report a syntax error. For example, using PHP and MySQLi:Errors with:
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'DELIMITER $$' at line 1
Michael BerkowskiMichael Berkowski230k35 gold badges381 silver badges347 bronze badges
The DELIMITER statement changes the standard delimiter which is semicolon ( ;) to another. The delimiter is changed from the semicolon( ;) to double-slashes //.
Why do we have to change the delimiter?
Because we want to pass the stored procedure, custom functions etc. to the server as a whole rather than letting mysql tool to interpret each statement at a time.
Pradeep SinghPradeep Singh1,1102 gold badges13 silver badges30 bronze badges
When you create a stored routine that has a
BEGIN..END
block, statements within the block are terminated by semicolon (;)
. But the CREATE PROCEDURE
statement also needs a terminator. So it becomes ambiguous whether the semicolon within the body of the routine terminates CREATE PROCEDURE
, or terminates one of the statements within the body of the procedure.The way to resolve the ambiguity is to declare a distinct string (which must not occur within the body of the procedure) that the MySQL client recognizes as the true terminator for the
CREATE PROCEDURE
statement.Rizwan AhmedRizwan Ahmed
You define a DELIMITER to tell the mysql client to treat the statements, functions, stored procedures or triggers as an entire statement. Normally in a .sql file you set a different DELIMITER like $$. The DELIMITER command is used to change the standard delimiter of MySQL commands (i.e. ;). As the statements within the routines (functions, stored procedures or triggers) end with a semi-colon (;), to treat them as a compound statement we use DELIMITER. If not defined when using different routines in the same file or command line, it will give syntax error.
Note that you can use a variety of non-reserved characters to make your own custom delimiter. You should avoid the use of the backslash () character because that is the escape character for MySQL.
DELIMITER isn't really a MySQL language command, it's a client command.
Example
OptimizerOptimizer
The delimiter is the character or string of characters that you'll use to tell the MySQL client that you've finished typing in an Sql statement.
Kaumadie KariyawasamKaumadie Kariyawasam
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In my model I defined some procedures. The code (generated by MySQL Workbench) contains
DELIMITER
definitions, so the procedures look like:Now I need to 'import' the SQL to the database via PDO. I tried to pass it as input for the
PDO#exec(..)
, but noticed, that the execution stops on the line of the first DELIMITER
definition.I don't want remove the
DELIMITER
statements. So the the SQL code should remain the same.How to use PDO to execute SQL code containing
automatixautomatixDELIMITER
statements?3,68015 gold badges57 silver badges155 bronze badges
3 Answers
From comments:
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I don't want remove the
DELIMITER
statements. And actually I wnat to get it working without to execute every statement manuallyThat's not how it works.
To understand why, you need to understand how the
mysql
CLI -- and any other program that can read and execute a dump file like this -- actually handles it. DELIMITER
is not something the server understands. DELIMITER
is used to tell the client-side parser what the current statement delimiter should be, so that the client-side parser can correctly split the statements and deliver one at a time to the server for execution.From the docs. Note carefully that
mysql
, every time it is used here, refers to the mysql
client utility -- not the server.If you use the
mysql
client program to define a stored program containing semicolon characters, a problem arises. By default, mysql
itself recognizes the semicolon as a statement delimiter, so you must redefine the delimiter temporarily to cause mysql
to pass the entire stored program definition to the server.To redefine the
mysql
delimiter, use the delimiter
command. [..] The delimiter is changed to //
to enable the entire definition to be passed to the server as a single statement, and then restored to ;
before invoking the procedure. This enables the ;
delimiter used in the procedure body to be passed through to the server rather than being interpreted by mysql
itself.So, to handle such a file, you need a client-side parser that does the same thing
mysql
does.. and here, the code you are writing is (needs to be) the client-side statement parser. So you are the one that needs to write the logic to handle the delimiter.To do what you want, you have to interpret the
DELIMITER
statements, use them to keep track of the current statement delimiter, but do not send them to the server.Then, you have to read through the input one line at a time, buffering what you've read, until you find the specified delimiter at the end of the line, and send the resulting statement to the server -- excluding the actual statement delimiter from what you send.. so, for example, you would not send the ending
Michael - sqlbotMichael - sqlbot$$
after the procedure body (unless the current statement delimiter is ;
, which you can either send or not send -- the server doesn't care.) Then empty the buffer and start reading again until you see another instance of a delimiter (and send the statement to the server) or match a DELIMITER
statement and set your code's current delimiter variable to match it so that you correctly identify the end of the next statement.Set Delimiter Off Mysql Mac
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Delimiters is a thing that you don't need with PDO. You can just run your queries as is
as simple as that
Your Common SenseYour Common Sense134k21 gold badges148 silver badges261 bronze badges
I met same problem with you when I tried with PostgreSQL. The problem seems PDO just allow you execute 1 query 1 time. As mentioned:
PDO::exec() executes an SQL statement in a single function call, returning the number of rows affected by the statement
. In php manualCould you try this:
Or with
mysqli
: multi_query
. php manualHere my whole class: http://sandbox.onlinephpfunctions.com/code/f0528fda6d7bd097c3199f1f3c019805a163ae3a
ThangTDThangTD